1 Samuel 22:7

Authorized King James Version

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Then Saul said unto his servants that stood about him, Hear now, ye Benjamites; will the son of Jesse give every one of you fields and vineyards, and make you all captains of thousands, and captains of hundreds;

Original Language Analysis

וַיֹּ֣אמֶר said H559
וַיֹּ֣אמֶר said
Strong's: H559
Word #: 1 of 22
to say (used with great latitude)
שָׁא֗וּל Then Saul H7586
שָׁא֗וּל Then Saul
Strong's: H7586
Word #: 2 of 22
shaul, the name of an edomite and two israelites
לַֽעֲבָדָיו֙ unto his servants H5650
לַֽעֲבָדָיו֙ unto his servants
Strong's: H5650
Word #: 3 of 22
a servant
הַנִּצָּבִ֣ים that stood H5324
הַנִּצָּבִ֣ים that stood
Strong's: H5324
Word #: 4 of 22
to station, in various applications (literally or figuratively)
עָלָ֔יו H5921
עָלָ֔יו
Strong's: H5921
Word #: 5 of 22
above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great variety of applications
שִׁמְעוּ about him Hear now H8085
שִׁמְעוּ about him Hear now
Strong's: H8085
Word #: 6 of 22
to hear intelligently (often with implication of attention, obedience, etc.; causatively, to tell, etc.)
נָ֖א H4994
נָ֖א
Strong's: H4994
Word #: 7 of 22
'i pray', 'now', or 'then'; added mostly to verbs (in the imperative or future), or to interjections, occasionally to an adverb or conjunction
בֶּן will the son H1121
בֶּן will the son
Strong's: H1121
Word #: 8 of 22
a son (as a builder of the family name), in the widest sense (of literal and figurative relationship, including grandson, subject, nation, quality or
יְמִינִ֑י ye Benjamites H1145
יְמִינִ֑י ye Benjamites
Strong's: H1145
Word #: 9 of 22
a benjaminite, or descendent of benjamin
גַּם H1571
גַּם
Strong's: H1571
Word #: 10 of 22
properly, assemblage; used only adverbially also, even, yea, though; often repeated as correl. both...and
לְכֻלְּכֶ֗ם H3605
לְכֻלְּכֶ֗ם
Strong's: H3605
Word #: 11 of 22
properly, the whole; hence, all, any or every (in the singular only, but often in a plural sense)
יִתֵּ֤ן give H5414
יִתֵּ֤ן give
Strong's: H5414
Word #: 12 of 22
to give, used with greatest latitude of application (put, make, etc.)
בֶּן will the son H1121
בֶּן will the son
Strong's: H1121
Word #: 13 of 22
a son (as a builder of the family name), in the widest sense (of literal and figurative relationship, including grandson, subject, nation, quality or
יִשַׁי֙ of Jesse H3448
יִשַׁי֙ of Jesse
Strong's: H3448
Word #: 14 of 22
jishai, david's father
שָׂד֣וֹת every one of you fields H7704
שָׂד֣וֹת every one of you fields
Strong's: H7704
Word #: 15 of 22
a field (as flat)
וּכְרָמִ֔ים and vineyards H3754
וּכְרָמִ֔ים and vineyards
Strong's: H3754
Word #: 16 of 22
a garden or vineyard
לְכֻלְּכֶ֣ם H3605
לְכֻלְּכֶ֣ם
Strong's: H3605
Word #: 17 of 22
properly, the whole; hence, all, any or every (in the singular only, but often in a plural sense)
יָשִׂ֔ים and make H7760
יָשִׂ֔ים and make
Strong's: H7760
Word #: 18 of 22
to put (used in a great variety of applications, literal, figurative, inferentially, and elliptically)
וְשָׂרֵ֥י and captains H8269
וְשָׂרֵ֥י and captains
Strong's: H8269
Word #: 19 of 22
a head person (of any rank or class)
אֲלָפִ֖ים of thousands H505
אֲלָפִ֖ים of thousands
Strong's: H505
Word #: 20 of 22
hence (the ox's head being the first letter of the alphabet, and this eventually used as a numeral) a thousand
וְשָׂרֵ֥י and captains H8269
וְשָׂרֵ֥י and captains
Strong's: H8269
Word #: 21 of 22
a head person (of any rank or class)
מֵאֽוֹת׃ of hundreds H3967
מֵאֽוֹת׃ of hundreds
Strong's: H3967
Word #: 22 of 22
a hundred; also as a multiplicative and a fraction

Analysis & Commentary

Then Saul said unto his servants that stood about him, Hear now, ye Benjamites; will the son of Jesse give every one of you fields and vineyards, and make you all captains of thousands, and captains of hundreds;

Saul's appeal to tribal loyalty reveals his political strategy and insecurity. The Hebrew 'shimu-na' (hear now) demands attention for his accusation. By addressing his servants as 'Benjamites,' he invokes tribal solidarity against the Judahite David. His rhetorical question about 'fields and vineyards' appeals to economic self-interest—David, from small-town Bethlehem, could not match the patronage Saul provided. The military ranks mentioned ('captains of thousands and hundreds') represented the rewards Saul had distributed to his fellow Benjamites. This speech exposes a king who maintained loyalty through bribes rather than justice, and who viewed the throne as tribal property rather than divine trust.

Historical Context

Ancient Near Eastern kingship involved extensive patronage networks. Saul's appeal to Benjamite tribalism reflects the ongoing tribal tensions within early Israel. Land grants and military appointments were primary means of securing loyalty in pre-monarchic and early monarchic Israel.

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